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PILGRIMAGE IN BRITAIN
St Alban's CathedralCharlotte Hodgman speaks to Dr Dee Dyas, from the University of York, about the history of pilgrimage in Britain, and examines eight related places.Pilgrimage, as practised in...
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LESBIAN HISTORY
AntiquitySame-sex love among women in classical and Hellenistic Greece, in Rome, and elsewhere in the ancient Mediterranean world. Except for Sappho’s (ca. 600 B.C.E.) poetry, there is no direct...
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THE ART OF MAKING TEA
Appearing much later than alcoholic beverages, tea began to acquire considerable importance in the Tang period, when its use became widespread. At first it was perceived as a serious competitor of...
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WHAT ABOUT SUGAR
Sugar is the world’s predominant sweetener. It satisfies the human appetite for sweetness and contributes calories to our diet. Sugar is used in cooking, in the preparation of commercially processed...
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THE KOLA NUT
Kola ProductionThe genus Cola is of tropical African origin (Freeman 1893; Irvine 1948; Cohen 1966; Dickson 1969) and belongs to the Sterculiaceae family, the species of which are most abundant in...
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THE BEGINNINGS, THE RISE, AND THE DIVISIONS OF CHRISTIANITY
Before we can understand the qualities of Christianity, which must now play a large part in our history, and which opened men’s eyes to fresh aspects of the possibility of a unified world, we must go...
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THE HISTORY OF COSTUME IN THE IBERIAN PENINSULA
The Iberian PeninsulaSituated as it is close to North Africa at the western end of the Mediterranean, the Iberian Peninsula provided the most natural route into Europe for influences from the east...
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MADAME DE POMPADOUR, A MULHER DE PORCELANA
Madame de Pompadour é o paradigma das favoritas de Versalhes, porém foi muito mais do que uma das muitas e frívolas amantes de Luís XV. Era uma mulher culta, bondosa e inteligente que não só amou...
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JAPANESE FOOD
1 ❖ ChopsticksThe Japanese have not always eaten with chopsticks (hashi). Until the end of the eighth century the common people ate with their hands. The nobility had already started using chopsticks...
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A TENTAÇÃO
Todos os dias, enfrentamos prazeres imediatos: um hambúrguer no almoço, 15 minutos a mais de sono, deixar o trabalho para amanhã. Às vezes cedemos, às vezes fugimos. Mas o autocontrole é uma das...
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POISSONS
La très grande majorité des poissons sont des espèces de mer, les autres sont des espèces d’eau douce. On peut aussi regrouper les poissons en trois autres groupes :• les poissons maigres qui...
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BRIDES OF CHRIST
Devout women dedicated to chastity, spirituality, and service to God and their fellow man were not all suited to the apostolic lives of Beguines and other sisters. For some, asceticism was a magnetic...
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THE EGYPTIAN CALENDAR
In ancient Egypt the year was divided into three seasons, each about four lunar months in length. The first season was called akhet or "inundation," approximately July to October, and was the time when...
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THE TASTE OF WINE
The difference between tasting and drinking is similar to test-driving a car you may buy and the relish of driving it afterward. One is a matter of concentration, as you seek out merits and faults,...
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THE GREAT PROPHETS
PARACELSUSIn the primitive dualistic world, the powers of light and darkness were worshipped alike. The equal strength of both good and evil had arisen in the mind of man when he observed nature and...
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SICILY: A CULTURAL GUIDE
Our island has three corners. It has three oceans—the Tyrrhenian, Ionian, and Mediterranean—and a coat of arms with three legs . We have three tribes of ancestors (the Sicani, Elymians, and Sicels) and...
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BIBLE AND TIME
A comparison of the Hebrew Bible (in Christianity, the Old Testament) and the Christian Bible, or New Testament, reveals differences in how the concept of time came to be understood in the Jewish and...
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HIGIENE ANTIGA: BANHEIROS DOS DEUSES
Dizem que a marca de qualquer civilização avançada é a qualidade de seus encanamentos e sistemas sanitários. Banheiros e latrinas são conveniências importantes. Encanamentos e sistemas sanitários são...
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WHY DO PEOPLE DRINK?
Why do people drink?People drink for many reasons. The situations in which they drink and the drinks they choose are also varied.Social drinkingMany people drink to help them relax and to enjoy social...
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OS PRIMEIROS PORTUGUESES NO TERRITÓRIO MINEIRO E O CICLO DO OURO
Martim de Carvalho teria sido o 1º português a chegar a Minas Gerais no ano de 1550 e em 1553 teria começado o massacre dos povos nativos, começando pelos botocudos, tribo que praticava a antropofagia...
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