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A BRIEF HISTORY OF WELFARE STATE
The term welfare state is reasonably new, developed in the 1930s and 1940s. Some see it as the opposite of the concept of warfare of World War II—opposite due to the fact that warfare requires that...
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WOMEN, GENDER, THE FAMILY AND SEXUALITY IN CHINA
Until the 1970s, the subjects under discussion in this chapter—women, gender, the family, and sexuality—either received little attention or were interpreted in uncomplicated terms. The dominant...
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SAUSAGES
Sausages are divided into four categories:1. Raw sausages (mostly bratwurst)2. Cooked sausages (mostly liverwurst, blood sausages)3. Poached sausages (mostly cold cuts)4. Cured and air-dried sausages...
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SUGAR AND OBESITY
BackgroundIn Europe, the prevalence of obesity (BMI > 30 kg/m2) has tripled in many countries since the 1980s, and the numbers continue to rise. Presently, more than 50% of the population is...
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SNAPSHOT OF THE WORLD
The Physical WorldEarth’s surface is constantly being transformed. Movements of the rigid tectonic plates that make up this surface are continuously, if slowly, shifting its landmasses around, while...
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ARTE PREHISTÓRICO EN ESPAÑA
EL PALEOLÍTICOLA ESCULTURA.Las primeras manifestaciones artísticas conocidas se remontan a los últimos tiempos del período Cuaternario, en el que las nieves llegan hasta el centro de Europa y el mamut...
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ORIGINS OF COOKING
Nobody knows who the first cook was, but at some point in the distant past, early humans conquered fire and started using it to prepare food. Researchers have found what appear to be the remains of...
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AN APPLE A DAY...
Fructose is nobody’s friend. Yes, even fructose packaged as apples, bananas, oranges and other fruits that we’re told by the media and nutrition communities to eat multiple times a day. Fructose is the...
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A CADEIA DO LEITE NO BRASIL
Desde 2011, o Brasil ocupa a quinta posição no ranking dos maiores produtores mundiais de leite de vaca, atrás apenas dos Estados Unidos, lndia e China, e Rússia, segundo dados da USDA (Departamento de...
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MUERTE DE UNA VESTAL
Sí, parece que sea el título de una novela de misterio de Aghata Christie, pero no, ya me gustaría?En realidad, no se trata de ficción, al contrario, las vestales aunque disponían de muchas prebendase...
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BASICS: SHEEP AND LAMB
Ten or eleven thousand years ago, a hunting party heard a strange bleating sound. It was unlikely to be familiar: the wild sheep they had been stalking were not only shy, but spent most of their time...
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FOODS ( from the book "Science in the Kitchen"-1893 )
The purposes of food are to promote growth, to supply force and heat, and to furnish material to repair the waste which is constantly taking place in the body. Every breath, every thought, every...
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RETRATO DE BARRETOS EM 1950
Centro da cidade de Barretos em 1950Leopoldo CostaINTRODUÇÃOEm 1950, Barretos com 50.249 habitantes, era um dos mais proeminentes municípios da região,ficava em 6º lugar. O município mais populoso da...
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FINESSE: THE COOK’S FINEST CHALLENGE AND PATH TO THE ULTIMATE REWARDS
Everyone who enters or leaves the kitchen at the Manhattan restaurant Per Se passes by the definition of finesse. It’s not just posted or framed on the wall. It’s written on the tile—it’s part of the...
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BUTTER...HEALTHY OR HARMFUL?
We’re back to leading the world in butter consumption – and that is bad news for our health, because it’s high in saturated fat and has poor nutritional content.Fat is good. Butter is back. Butter is...
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THE HISTORIC HUNGARIAN WINES OF LAKE BALATON
Fourteenth-century Hungarian King Charles Robert once travelled to Veszprem on the north shore of Lake Balaton to visit the Bishop. Before dinner, the king noticed a gigantic cup in the monastery...
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EFFECTS OF FOOD PROCESSING ON VITAMIN RETENTION
Commercial food processing preserves food quality and extends shelf life by destruction of food-spoilage microorganisms and certain endogenous enzymes, which could otherwise promote spoilage and/or...
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THE GOOD BUTCHER
Italian master butcher Dario CecchiniItalian master butcher Dario Cecchini, who is highly respected as a legend throughout the trade, often says that four distinct elements define meat that can be...
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LEIF ERICSON DISCOVERS AMERICA (A.D. 1000)
SAGA OF ERIC THE REDBesides the Northmen or Norsemen, those ancient Scandinavians celebrated in history for their adventurous exploits at sea, the Chinese and the Welsh have laid claim to the discovery...
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HISTÓRIA DO CHARQUE NO BRASIL
Leopoldo CostaA salga, depois, da defumação, foi uma das formas mais primitivas de conservação da carne. Este método era praticado, pela necessidade de conservar para ser consumido mais tarde, o que...
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